技職大學畢業護生應具備之中醫知能初探

論文名稱(中/英文)	研究生	指導教授
技職大學畢業護生應具備之中醫知能初探 An Investigation on Competence of TCM for BSN Graduates	葉怡君	鍾聿琳博士
[ 摘要 ]
本研究旨在探討即將投入於一般醫療院工作的四技或二技畢業護生，所應具備的中醫知識、態度與技能。由於目前仍以西方護理教育為主，大家對護理人員應具備那些中醫知能，尚未有研究指出，也無一致共識，如此將無法針對需求，設計課程內容。因此，本研究藉由四場「焦點團體」（Focus group），針對三類對象即消費者、護理人員及臨床指導老師共31人進行訪談，以了解他們在護理實務中，面臨到中醫照護的困境與需求，所得結果經統整後。再邀請4位學界專家，舉行「專家座談」（Panels Discussion），最後得出九項技職大學畢業護生，所應具備的中醫知能，包括：第1項「認識中醫的基本理論，如陰陽五行、整體觀、五臟六腑、經絡、病因學、治療觀、與養生保健概念」；第2項「認識常見食物的冷熱屬性」；第3項「認識可以提升免疫力的常見食物，如配合四季天候變化選擇食物、產後與術後可以恢復體力的食物」；第4項「認識常使用的中藥材種類，包括：人蔘、枸杞、黃耆、當歸、菊花、甘草、紅棗的藥性、作用與注意事項」；第5項「認識常使用的四物湯與生化湯的作用、副作用、服用時機」；第6項「說明並指導中、西藥使用的基本原則」；第7項「認識中醫常見的技術，包括針灸、刮痧、拔罐的操作目的與注意事項」；第8項「執行穴位按壓緩解不適症狀，如疼痛、嘔吐、失眠、心悸」；及第9項：「願意以開放及審慎的態度，尊重消費者使用中醫」，以下茲以中醫知識、技能與態度，進行結果分析與討論說明期盼本研究結果，能提供未來整合中醫於護理教育之參考，以有效提升護理照護品質。
[ Abstract ]
The purpose of this study is to explore what a BSN graduate who is going to devote herself/himself to medical field should know about TCM, attitude and skills. Until now there is no study pointing out the knowledge a nursing staff should know about TCM because many sources of nursing textbooks and references are still absorbed from the western. For the lack of a common consensus, the related workers have difficulties in designing courses to fit the needs. In order to understand what difficulties and requirements they face in their practical nursing experience, 31 people, including the consumer, the nursing staff and the clinical instructor, are interviewed by four Focus group symposiums. The result is then discussed by four academic experts in the Panels Discussion. They conclude nine competence of TCM that a BSN graduate should have. Firstly, to understand the basic concepts of TCM, including Yin/Yang, Five Evolutive phases, holistic view, five viscera Six Bowels, meridian, and concept of therapy and health preservation. Secondly, to recognize the cold and hot nature of food. Thirdly, to illustrate the common dietetic care for immune enhancement in the four seasons, postnatal and postoperative physical-regeneration. Fourthly, to illustrate the properties, indications, and administration of common TCM medicine, including: Ginseng, Lycium, Astragalus, Angelicae Sinensis（Tang-Kuei）,Chrysanthemum, Pinellia, Zizyphi fructus. Fifthly, to describe the properties, indications, adverse effects, administration of Si-Wu-Tang and Sheng-Hua-Tang. Sixthly, to simultaneously describe basic principles of administering TCM and Western medicine. Seventhly, to describe the indications and modalities of the following techniques: acupuncture, scraping therapy, and cupping. Eighthly, to implement acupressure as a measure for promoting comfort under the following conditions: pain, vomiting, insomnia, palpitation; and the last one, to demonstrate an open mind and cautious attitude to respect consumers using TCM. As follows are the analysis and discussion about TCM, attitude and skills. We sincerely expect the result of the study could make some contribution to TCM nursing education, and effectively raise the nursing quality in the future.