五專護理科學生關懷行為及其相關影響因素之探討
Study on Caring Behaviors among Nursing Students in 5-year Junior College and

Related Factors

本本研究目的在探討五專護理科五年級學生基本資料、實習教學策略、實習場所的支持、臨床護理教師人格特質對關懷行為表現之相關影響因素。採橫斷式相關性研究設計以立意取樣方式選取台灣地區五所學校共287位護專五年級的同學為研究對象。本研究使用自填式結構問卷為研究工具，並經五位專家審核效度為0.98-1.00，以16位學生進行預試後才正式施測；問卷包含「學生個人基本資料」、「關懷行為量表」、「實習場所的支持量表」、「臨床護理教師人格特質」及「實習教學策略量表」，總量表正式施測之Cronbach’s α為0.93，採SPSS12.0版進行統計資料分析，包括描述性統計、獨立樣本T檢定、皮爾森積差相關分析及逐步迴歸分析等進行檢測。
    研究結果發現：1.五專護理科五年級學生關懷行為表現標準化得分為59.55，屬於中等程度；其餘分量表標準化得分由高至低為：實習場所的支持（79.40），臨床指導老師人格特質（79.30），實習教學策略（77.85），均屬中上程度。2.對護理課程的興趣、實習場所的支持、臨床指導老師人格特質、實習教學策略與關懷行為表現，經皮爾森積差相關檢定後呈現顯著正相關（p＜0.001）。3.學生關懷行為表現的重要預測因子依序為：實習教學策略、對護理課程的興趣、實習場所的支持，共可解釋24.7﹪關懷行為表現的總變異量。
本研究結果建議：護理人員「以身作則」的角色模範是護生關懷行為學習的重要策略；護理教師可以多元教學策略引發學生學習關懷行為的興趣；未來研究可進一步以介入性研究提升學生關懷行為之成效。

This research purpose was to explore the related factors among student''s demographic data, clinical teaching strategies, support from the clinical site, clinical nursing faculty’s characteristics and caring behaviors in the fifth grade nursing students among junior colleges. This study adopted a cross-sectional correlated design with total 287 participants, a purposive sampling technique was applied in this study.
    Self-report structured questionnaires were used as the research instruments which included "demographic data", "caring behaviors scale（CBS）","support from the clinical site scale", "clinical nursing faculty’s characteristics scale "and" clinical teaching strategy scale", Cronbach α was 0.93 and the expert content validity was range 0.98-1.00 in each scale. Descriptive statistics, Independent-Samples T Test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise regression analysis were used as the statistic strategies to answer the questions.
The results indicated:

（1）The standardize score of CBS was 59.55 which located at medium degree for the overall sampling. The ranking of the rest of the scores from high to low was: the support from the clinical site (79.40), clinical nursing faculty’s characteristics (79.30), clinical teaching strategies (77.85), all scores were above medium degr

（2）Pearson product-moment was used to examine the correlation among interested in nursing curriculum, support from of the clinical site, clinical nursing faculty’s characteristics, clinical teaching strategies and caring behaviors, and showed positive correlated.( p<0.001)

（3）The significant predictors of the CBS score among students includes: clinical teaching strategies, interested in nursing curriculum, the support from the clinical site, which explained 24.7% of the total amount of variance.The results suggest that nursing personnel “set oneself up as an example” as role modeling of nursing student might be the most effective strategy to improve student’s caring behaviors. Nursing faculty should inspire the interests of the students learn caring behaviors with diverse teaching strategies. A interventional study to promote students’ caring behaviors was suggested for further study.