This study aims to explore the effects on enhancing instruction ability of clinical preceptor after introducing situation simulation teaching. It adopts a one-group pretest-posttest design as the research method, with 39 clinical preceptors from the regional teaching hospital in New Taipei City. After the pre-test of instruction ability OSTE scale for clinical preceptor, the research introduces first aid situation simulation teaching, including watching videos, discussion and role playing, and then conducts a 2-week self-learning for these teachers. SPSS 19.0 was used to build the file and analyze data, adopting frequency distribution, percentage, mean value, standard deviation and paired t-test for statistical analysis. 
According to the results, (1) the score of instruction ability of clinical preceptor’ instruction ability in the post-test is significantly higher than that in the pre-test; (2) evaluation ability of instruction ability of clinical preceptor in the post-test is significantly higher than that in the pre-test; (3) the scores on communication and coordination ability in instruction ability of clinical preceptor in the post-test is significantly higher than that in the pre-test; (4) clinical preceptor were aware that first aud situation simulation teaching is helpful for improving instruction ability. Therefore, the proposed first aud situation simulation teaching in the study can improve instruction ability of clinical preceptor. It is suggested that such teaching method be used for on-the-job training for clinical preceptor, for further enhancing the learning outcome on instruction ability.